.png "Издательство «Логос Пресс»")
Н.Д. Семенова1,2, кандидат психологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник Отдела дистанционной психиатрии и психотерапии; доцент Института клинической психологии и социальной работы.
1 Московский НИИ психиатрии — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России (107076, г. Москва, ул. Потешная, д.3, к. 10);
2 ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (117513, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, дом 1, строение 6).
Проблема посттравматического стрессового расстройства (ПТСР) и других, ассоциированных со стрессом, психических расстройств получила особую актуальность в последние годы в связи с большой частотой психотравмирующих ситуаций, связанных с неопределенностью, угрозой безопасности здоровью и жизни населения и отдельных его слоев. В статье представлен обзор и анализ научной литературы 90-х годов, опубликованной по данной теме, с выделением особого феномена — «смерть семьи» при ПТСР. Поиск осуществлялся в базах данных PubMed, eLibrary и Google Scholar. Подчеркивается важность обращения к данному материалу на фоне растущего количества разнородных публикаций, подчас «размывающих» предметное поле исследований, а также киническую картину расстройств.
Ключевые слова: посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство, боевая травма, целостность семьи, виктимизация и фрагментация, помощь травмированным семьям.
The ‘Death of Family’ Phenomenon in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Based on Foreign Publications of the 1990s)
N.D. Semenova 1,2, Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Department of Remote Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Associate Professor at the Institute of Clinical Psychology and Social Work.
1 Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry is a branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (107076, Moscow, Poteshnaya str., 3, building 10);
2 Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (117513, Moscow, Ostrovityanova str., 1, building 6).
The high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other stress-associated mental disorders (acute stress reaction, adjustment disorders), the lack of human and financial resources for complete diagnostics, prevention, and treatment of such disorders are obvious. Many publications in recent decades have been devoted to this very pressing problem. The relevance of diagnostics, treatment and prevention of reactions to severe stress and adjustment disorders is determined by many factors, including the high prevalence of such disorders among victims of disasters, emergencies and other life-threatening events (up to 1/3 of victims); the severity of disorders, up to a psychotic level; the prevalence of suicides in this type of disorders (more than 2 times higher than in the population); a high risk of chronicity — due to the stress disorder itself, as well as in connection with the development of depression, addictions, personality disorders. The high prevalence of PTSD and other stress-associated mental disorders (acute stress reaction, adjustment disorders), the lack of human and financial resources for complete diagnostics, prevention, and treatment of such disorders are obvious. Many publications in recent decades have been devoted to this very pressing problem. The relevance of diagnostics, treatment and prevention of reactions to severe stress and adjustment disorders is determined by many factors, including the high prevalence of such disorders among victims of disasters, emergencies and other lifethreatening events (up to 1/3 of victims); the severity of disorders, up to a psychotic level; the prevalence of suicides in this type of disorders (more than 2 times higher than in the population); a high risk of chronicity — due to the stress disorder itself, as well as in connection with the development of depression, addictions, personality disorders.
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, combat trauma, family integrity, victimization and fragmentation, helping traumatized families.
